Mlrs grad range
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It can fire the 40 rockets or any part thereof at a fixed 0.5-second interval. Each launch tube is grooved to impart a slow rotary motion to the rocket. This allows automating the preparation process, and to control the guidance of the launch package, and the firing itself, and to carry out automatic topographic positioning and orientation of the combat vehicle on the ground, to remotely enter flight mission data into the fuses and launch projectiles without the crew having to leave their cabin.
The field 122-millimeter divisional MLRS BM-21 Grad is designed to destroy open and sheltered manpower, unarmored vehicles and armored personnel carriers in the area where artillery and mortar batteries, command posts and other targets are concentrated.
The launcher is traversed forward towards the cab for traveling and for firing uses two stabilizing jacks at the rear of the vehicle. Such a possibility was exploited, for example, by Bulgaria, Slovakia and Rumania. The BM-21 also is the only known Soviet rocket launcher without blast shields on the driver's cab. Performance specifications presented assume optimal operating conditions for the BM-21 (Grad) Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).
1 x ZiL-375 V-8 gasoline engine developing 180 horsepower driving conventional 6x6 all-wheel arrangement.
Installed Power
47 mph
75 kph
Road Speed
252 miles
405 km
Range
The physical qualities of the BM-21 (Grad) Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).
4
(MANNED)
Crew
24.1 ft
7.35 meters
O/A Length
7.9 ft
2.4 meters
O/A Width
10.1 ft
3.09 meters
O/A Height
33,318 lb
15,113 kg | 16.7 tons
Weight
Available supported armament, ammunition, and special-mission equipment featured in the design of the BM-21 (Grad) Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).
40 x 122mm Rocket Launcher Tubes (4 x 10 tube arrangement).
AMMUNITION:
40 x 122mm rockets.
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT:
Nightvision - NONE.
The firms announced their readiness to supply modernized rockets to the countries that have Grad MLRS in operational service. Each launch tube is "rifled" to promote stabilization in flight, though this is at the expense of greater range.
Each rocket measures in at over 9 feet in length and rests within each launch tube.
Inconsiderable retrofitting of the launch vehicle is required for remote input: the launch tubes should be fitted with contactless input devices, while remote setting equipment should be installed in the cab and interconnected by cables.
In the second case, the time to separate the warhead is introduced into the time fuze via a manual mechanical setter.
Initially, work was aimed to expand the list of ammunition used to diversify combat employment of the Grad MLRS. They are mounted on the launch vehicle via a special additional adapter frame.
LTCs ensure the transportation and launch of rockets, as well as their storage on vehicles and in arsenals. "Not so long ago, new Tornado-G MLRS was put on duty.
Small brake rings are not used. If the motor is replaced and the old warhead is used, the rocket range increases to 36 km. Manufacturers demonstrated at a number of international exhibitions such models of "Grad cousins", although they actually looked like twins.
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The Tornado-G is a modernised version of the BM-21 Grad MLRS.
Notable series variants as part of the BM-21 (Grad) family line.
M1964 - Western designation
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Image from the Russian Ministry of Defense.
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Image from the Russian Ministry of Defense.
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Right side views of a fleet of BM-21 Grads ready to fire; color
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Close up front view of a BM-21 in Kandahar, Afghanistan; color
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Close up view of the M-21 rocket launch tubes being prepped to fire in an Opposing Force exercise; color
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A set of launch tubes for a BM-21 Grad is being prepped for use in an Opposing Force exercise; color
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Left side line drawing of the BM-21 Grad MLRS.
Some designs are single-minded in their approach while others offer a more versatile solution to battlefield requirements.
FIRE SUPPORT / ASSAULT / BREACHING
SPECIAL PURPOSE
Some designs stand the test of time while others are doomed to never advance beyond the drawing board; let history be their judge.
Developments of similar form-and-function, or related, to the BM-21 (Grad) Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).
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It uses a mixed propellant motor and prefragmented HE warhead loaded with enhanced power explosive.